Oscillators#

The Cosmo PD-101 features two independent oscillator lines (Line 1 and Line 2). Each line generates sound through a phase distortion process: a phase accumulator is warped by an algorithm, then used to index into a base waveform.

Dual Line Architecture#

Each line operates independently with its own:

• Algorithm — the phase distortion function (see Algorithms)
• Base Waveform — the carrier wave that the warped phase indexes into
• Octave — pitch offset in octaves
• Detune — fine and coarse pitch offset for stereo width / chorus effect
• Envelope — 8-step step-function for pitch (DCO), warp (DCW), and amplitude (DCA)
• Algo Blend — mix between the primary algorithm and a secondary algorithm

Line Select#

The Line Select control (labeled L1, L2, L1+L2, L1+L1', L1+L2') determines which outputs are summed to the final audio:

Setting	What It Does
L1	Only Line 1 audible
L2	Only Line 2 audible
L1 + L2	Both lines summed
L1 + L1'	Line 1 + Line 1 with its secondary (blended) algorithm
L1 + L2'	Line 1 + Line 2 with its secondary (blended) algorithm

Base Waveforms#

Each line selects a base waveform — the raw carrier that the warped phase indexes into:

Waveform	Character
Cosine	Smooth, even harmonics. Default for CZ-101 algorithm.
Sine	Pure fundamental. Clean, hollow tones.
Triangle	Odd harmonics, softer than saw.
Saw	Full harmonic series. Bright, buzzy.
Square	Odd harmonics only. Hollow, reedy.

Tip: The base waveform has a dramatic effect on the final sound, especially with subtler warp algorithms. Try saw for bright leads, sine for deep basses, and square for hollow pad characters.

Detune#

Detune adds a slight pitch offset between the two lines, creating a chorus effect or stereo width:

• Detune (Coarse) — shifts Line 2's pitch by whole semitones (set via detuneNote)
• Detune (Fine) — shifts Line 2's pitch by sub-semitone cents (set via detuneFine)

Detune Amount	Effect
0 cents	Mono, no detune
5–15 cents	Subtle stereo shimmer
20–50 cents	Obvious chorus effect
100+ cents	Distinct interval (harmony / dissonance)

Algo Blend#

Each line has a secondary algorithm that can be blended with the primary. The Algo Blend knob (0–100%) crossfades between:

• 0% — Only the primary algorithm
• 50% — Equal mix of primary and secondary
• 100% — Only the secondary algorithm

This effectively doubles the available timbral palette. For example:

• Primary: Bend + Secondary: Fold = a pitch-bend with wavefolding character
• Primary: CZ101 + Secondary: Sync = classic CZ tone with sync-style edge

Modulation Mode#

The Mod Mode switch controls how the two lines interact at the mixer stage:

Mode	Behavior
Normal	Standard additive mixing (L1, L2, or L1+L2)
Ring	Ring modulation: L1 × L2 × ringGain — produces sum/difference frequencies, metallic tones
Noise	Adds a noise component scaled by the signal level — textured, lo-fi character

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